16 Basic Chinese Sentence Patterns
1. 动词谓语句：There are 3 basic structures of Verbal Predicate Sentences, including:
(1). The most common sentence pattern in Chinese is Subject + Verbal Predicate + Object, it's called "主谓宾结构".
(2). Subject+Verbal predicate
(3). subject+Verbal predicate+Indirect object+Direct object
2. 把字句：In a 把-sentence with a verbal predicate, the preposition 把 and its object act as the adverbial adjunct.
Its basic structure is Subject + 把+Receiver of the action + Verbal Predicate + Other Elements.
3. 被字句：In a passive voice sentence, passive preposition 被, 让, 叫 and its object act as an adverbial adjunct to modify the verbal predicate. It illustrates an action that is not done by the subject.
The basic structure is: Person or thing acted on + 被 + the actor + verb + Other Elements.
4. 连谓句：A sentence with verbal constructions in sequence is one in which the subject has 2 or more verbal phrases as predicates.
5. 兼语句：A pivotal sentence has 2 predicates, while the object of the first predicate is at the same time the subject of the second. The element that is used as the object of the first predicate and the subject of the 2nd is called the pivot.
6. 双宾语句：Double Object Sentence is a sentence with both direct and indirect objects.
The basic structure: Subject + Verbal predicate + Indirect object + Direct object
7. 有字句：A 有-sentence uses 有 as the predicate, indicating 'possession' or 'existence'.
Its structure is: S + 有 + O
8. 是字句：A 是-sentence uses the verb 是 as the predicate.
Its structure is: S + 是 + O.
9. 存现句：An existential sentence is one that indicates the existence, appearance of a thing or a person. At the beginning of such sentences, the time/place phrase must be used.
10. 形容词谓语句：An adjectival predicate sentence has an adjective as the predicate to describe the character of a person or a thing. Its structure is S+ Adjectival predicate.
11. 名词谓语句：A nominal predicate sentences has a noun phrase as the main predicate of the sentence. The basic structure is: S + Nominal Predicate
12. 主谓谓语句：There is a unique sentence in Chinese named subject-predicate predicate sentences. The basic structure is: S + Subject-Predicate Structure
13. 名词非主谓句：The sentence composed of a single word/phrase other than the subject-predicate structure is called a non- subject-predicate sentence.
Nominal non-subject-predicate sentence includes:
（l）nouns (证件！);
（2）attribute-head word(多好的孩子！) ;
（3） joint phrase (老张和老李.);
（4）的 structure (卖菜的.) .
14. 形容词非主谓句：Adjectival non-subject-predicate sentences include:
（1）adjective (好！);
（2）adjective-complement phrase (好极了！).
15. 动词非主谓句：Verbal non-subject-predicate sentences include:
（l） verb (听！);
（2）verb-object phrase (到点了。);
（3）verb-complement phrase (吃完！);
（4）pivotal structure (祝你健康！);
（5）verbal constructions in sequence (开窗户通风。)
16. 特殊非主谓句：Special non-subject predicate sentences include:
（l）adverb (不！) ;
（2）interjection (哎哟！叹词非主谓句);
（3）onomatopoeia (砰！);
（4）pronoun (怎么啦？) .